1. Electronic Manufacturing Service (EMS) and its development
For EMS (Electronic Manufacturing Services), ODM and OEM have become the main models of OEM. About 40% of the world’s electronic products are produced through outsourcing, and this proportion will increase. However, the profit margin of OEM-based electronic product manufacturing services is getting lower and lower. In recent years, my country’s labor costs have increased year by year, and labor-intensive labor has lost its luster and has become the main expenditure that erodes profits. For more EMS companies (OEMs), this is also based on the reduction of the depreciation cost per unit of product, so many EMS companies often rush to the outsourcing of PCBA components, or even start two or three shifts a day at each other’s prices. As a result, expensive production is equivalent to full capacity production. Use to dilute. Reduce equipment depreciation costs, reduce unit product labor costs, reduce total costs, and create more benefits.
One of the differences between OEM manufacturers is the measurement of product quality. The manufacturer’s technical capability level and enterprise operation control status are also most directly reflected in product quality.
2. Customers’ requirements for PCBA quality
Customers have increasingly higher quality requirements for OEM PCBA assembly. The main source is driven by the consumer market, but they all want to obtain high profits, especially in the OEM industry, where the profit rate is increasingly low and the quality requirements continue to increase. There is a sharp contrast. The assembly of PCBA is the basis of the complete machine of electronic information products and an important part of the quality and reliability of the complete machine. It is different from the general component manufacturing, so it needs to be controlled in outsourcing. This is well understood by outsourcing companies, especially international companies. We have a deep experience in the long-term process of OEM PCBA for a Fortune 500 customer. Everyone generally regards “IPC-A-610E-2010 Manufacturability of Electronic Components” as the common standard of both parties.
For the technical work of the foundry, it is necessary to fully understand the standards and apply them to the actual assembly and manufacturing process, and quantify and express the judgment criteria of each operation; for the manufacturability design, maintain communication with customers and urge customers to design or Process improvement makes the OEM production go smoothly; the unreasonable understanding of customers must be based on reason, so that the OEM quality assurance can be based on evidence and adapt to the reality of the foundry.
Shenzhen pcba foundry material
3. Understanding of the important role of the three inspection system
The first three inspection system is a management inspection activity, it is an activity to verify whether each link of OEM production meets the requirements, and quality control records should be used as evidence. It is to control the defects of PCBA assembly and manufacturing in the process of manufacturing, supervise the realization of the concept of “products are manufactured”, and focus on the establishment of stable, repeatable, and monitorable process control goals. Not a mass inspection.
So, what is the first item?
The first product is the first (part one) product to be produced for each shift or each model product. The first inspection is to check and confirm the received product.
The first three inspection system focuses on the specific performance of on-site quality, and the management of the main factors affecting the quality of the manufacturing process 5M1E (personnel, equipment, materials, methods, environment, measurement) to determine whether the production conditions can meet the final quality requirements of the product . Its purpose is to prevent batch errors and reduce risks.
The basis of the three-inspection system is the first piece. The comparison standard for the first piece is the agreement and confirmation of the correctness of the actual OEM product-the sample and the guidance document between the customer and the OEM. The correctness of the sample not only includes the correctness of the material, but also the correctness of the assembly (mounting and inserting) welding and the correctness of the electrical performance. For the consistency of customer guidance documents and samples, the document takes precedence. If there is no document, the sample shall prevail. At all times, everyone must follow this basic principle. This is a protection for the foundry and a responsibility for the customers. The purpose is to ensure and improve the quality of the goods, and avoid the occurrence of quality losses caused by the mistakes of both parties.
The confirmation of the prototype by the foundry technology depends on the quality of the work of the customer. It must be combined with the various technical data provided by the customer to verify its completeness and consistency. It’s very difficult, but I have to do it. Particular attention should be paid to the customer’s engineering change ECN, and the prototype should be corrected and confirmed in time with the engineering change, so as to be used as a basis for comparison in the OEM manufacturing process. The implementation of intuitive Kanban management can also avoid frequent changes caused by The confusion of the technical guidance documents or the use of the wrong documents and operating errors have led to the occurrence of unqualified OEM production batches.
