It is estimated that the printed circuit board industry will not be eliminated in the last 50 years. After all, all electronic products need to be used, even if they are small. Every line has many things that outsiders don’t know, and there are many seemingly difficult but really simple technological processes. Today, I will reveal the production technological process of circuit boards with you.
Circuit board with inserted components
There are many kinds of materials and technological processes for printed circuit boards, such as copper clad laminate, ceramic, flexible film and aluminum substrate. Every material and requirement has a different process flow. First, let’s learn about the simplest and most primitive process flow, the common process. Its production flow is as follows: cutting-drilling-copper deposition (one copper)-circuit printing-electroplating (two copper)-etching-solder resist printing-text printing-oxidation resistance (spraying tin)
Our cutting process doesn’t mean cutting directly according to the size of the finished product, but designing the cutting drawing and cutting according to the most reasonable producible size of the machine according to the way of mass production of circuit boards. Factors such as cost utilization rate, convenient production, etc. should also be considered. Then, drilling is to drill through the place where we need to have holes. The holes actually play a role of conducting and connecting up and down. Some holes are also the function of production positioning. Then enter the copper sink, the main function is to sink copper into the hole. Because the material is copper clad laminate, it only has copper on the surface, but not inside, so there is no copper in the hole, and electricity can’t be conducted without sinking copper. After the holes are made, the circuit will be made, and a layer of circuit oil will be applied to show the pattern of the circuit through exposure. The second copper deposition is electroplating, which increases the thickness of copper, and electrifies with tin, which plays a role in distinguishing conductive lines from non-conductive lines. It enters the etching machine and disconnects the excess copper surface from the non-conductive lines. Print solder resist oil, and expose the welded points by exposure. And printed as a mark of the text, and finally do surface treatment, that is, the process of anti-oxidation. At this point, our circuit board is basically finished and can be turned on normally. Just use gong machine to mill the large production board into the finished board required by customers, and then it can be shipped after the test is passed.
The above is just a relatively simple and basic PCB manufacturing process. Actually, there is a lot of knowledge in the production process. I will explain it to you one by one later.
